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| bwv = 12 | type = Church cantata | image = Schlosskirche Weimar 1660.jpg | alt = The interior of the church Schlosskirche is painted, viewed along the nave towards the altar, showing two balconies and the organ on a third level above the altar | caption = The ''Schlosskirche'' in Weimar | related = base for ''Crucifixus'' of Mass in B minor | occasion = Jubilate | performed = | movements = 7 | text_poet = Salomon Franck | chorale = | vocal = | instrumental = }} ''ドイツ語:Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen'' (Weeping, lamenting, worrying, fearing),〔 BWV 12, is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed it in Weimar for Jubilate, the third Sunday after Easter, and led the first performance on 22 April 1714 in the ''ドイツ語:Schlosskirche'', the court chapel of the ''Schloss'' in Weimar. Bach was appointed ''ドイツ語:Konzertmeister'' in Weimar in the spring of 1714, a position that called for the performance of a church cantata each month. He composed ''Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen'' as the second cantata in the series, on a text probably written by court poet Salomon Franck. The work is structured in seven movements, an instrumental ''Sinfonia'', a choral passacaglia, a recitative on a Bible quotation, three arias and, as the closing chorale, the last stanza from Samuel Rodigast's hymn "Was Gott tut, das ist wohlgetan" (1674). The cantata is scored for three vocal soloists, a four-part choir, trumpet, oboe, bassoon, two violins, two violas, and basso continuo. Bach performed the cantata again in his first year as ''Thomaskantor'' – director of church music – in Leipzig, on 30 April 1724. He reworked the first section of the first chorus to form the ''Crucifixus'' movement of the ''Credo'' in his Mass in B minor. Franz Liszt based extended keyboard compositions on the same material. == History and words == On 2 March 1714 Bach was appointed concertmaster of the Weimar court capelle of the co-reigning dukes Wilhelm Ernst and Ernst August of Saxe-Weimar. As concertmaster, he assumed principal responsibility for composing new works, specifically cantatas for the ''ドイツ語:Schlosskirche'' (palace church), on a monthly schedule.〔〔 ''ドイツ語:Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen'' is the second cantata in this series, composed for the third Sunday after Easter, Jubilate,〔〔 after ドイツ語:''Himmelskönig, sei willkommen'', BWV 182, for Palm Sunday and Annunciation, and before ドイツ語:''Erschallet, ihr Lieder, erklinget, ihr Saiten!'' BWV 172, for Pentecost. The prescribed readings for that Sunday were from the First Epistle of Peter, "Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man" (), and from the Gospel of John, Jesus announcing his second coming in the so-called Farewell Discourse, saying "your sorrow shall be turned into joy" (). The text, depicting the affliction that Christians have to pass, is assumed to have been written by Salomon Franck, the Weimar court poet who wrote most texts for Bach cantatas of the Weimar period. It follows details of the Gospel and the idea from the epistle reading: "For this is thankworthy, if a man for conscience toward God endure grief, suffering wrongfull." (verse 19).〔 The text of the opening chorus corresponds to , the text of the first recitative is taken from , "we must through much tribulation enter into the kingdom of God". Franck contends that this is true not only for the disciples who were addressed directly, but for every Christian. Movement 4 sees the suffering of Jesus as a consolation for the afflicted Christian, movement 5 voices a decision to follow Jesus even in suffering, movement 6 offers the consolation that it will be only a short time until all sadness is overcome, alluding to (as in movement 4) .〔 The cantata is closed by the sixth and final stanza of the hymn "ドイツ語:Was Gott tut, das ist wohlgetan" (1674) by Samuel Rodigast.〔〔 Theme of the first part of the text is a situation of God's temporary absence.〔 Bach first performed the cantata in the Weimar court chapel on 22 April 1714, then performed it in Leipzig in his first year as ''ドイツ語:Thomaskantor'' on 30 April 1724.〔 In Leipzig, ''Jubilate'' was the beginning of the trade fair ''ドイツ語:Ostermesse'' (Easter fair) which attracted visitors for three weeks. His predecessor, Johan Kuhnau, had already noted that "visitors and distinguished gentlemen certainly want to hear something fine in the principal churches."〔 Bach reworked the first section of the first chorus to form the ''ラテン語:Crucifixus'' movement of the ''ドイツ語:Credo'' in his Mass in B minor, the central movement of that work, three decades later.〔〔 Franz Liszt based works for keyboard (organ or piano) on the first section of movement 2, ''Prelude after a theme from ドイツ語:Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen by J. S. Bach'' (S.179, 1854) and ''Variations on a theme from ドイツ語:Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen by J. S. Bach'' (S.180, 1862).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen, BWV 12」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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